Investigation of hepatitis B virus infection in patients undergoing cardiac angiography in the hospital and its associated factors

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was a major global health problem and one of the leading causes of 
liver cancer, particularly in Asia and Africa. In Iran, approximately 2% of the population were chronic carriers of the 
virus, though prevalence varied across provinces. The lack of active screening and early detection contributed to 
ongoing transmission. This study aimed to investigate HBV infection among patients undergoing coronary 
angiography at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Kerman during 2023–2024 and to identify related risk factors. 
Materials and methods:  In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 66 patients who tested positive for 
HBsAg were included. Demographic data and information on risk factors such as surgery, dental interventions, and 
medical history were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 with 
Chi-square and t-tests, and a significance level of p < 0.05 was considered. 
Results:  Among 66 patients, 69.7% were male, 47% were aged 60–80 years, and 63.6% were illiterate. A total of 53% 
had a history of surgery and 72.7% had a history of dental procedures. None had received vaccination against HBV. 
There was a significant association between coronary heart disease and HBV infection (p < 0.017), whereas no 
significant relationship was found with demographic factors such as age, gender, or education. 
Conclusion:  HBV infection was more common among older males and those with prior surgical or dental 
interventions. The observed relationship between coronary heart disease and HBV infection highlights the need for 
vaccination and improved hygiene practices in hospitals and dental centers.